Uric Acid Nephropathy
Description
Acute uric acid nephropathy, chronic urate nephropathy, and uric acid nephrolithiasis are three kidney diseases that have been linked to excessive uric acid. Although the clinical characteristics of these illnesses differ, they all have urate deposition or high uric acid as a common factor.
Symptoms
Patients typically get acute uric acid nephropathy after 1-2 days of starting chemotherapy or soon after presenting with acute neoplastic diseases. The signs that are most often noticed include :
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Lethargy
- Seizures
- Pain
- Urinary frequency
- Dysuria
- Hematuria
If you have any of these symptoms visit a Nephrologist to be diagnosed and treated properly.
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View MoreCauses
Underlying disorder that causes elevated uric acid include :
- Treatment for leukemia or lymphoma
- Seizures or ischemic states
- Pregnancy-related preeclampsia
- Eclampsia
- The setting of cyclosporine use and renal transplantation.
- Chronic hyperuricemia and gout
- The hereditary enzyme disorder HGRPT deficiency
- Acute diarrheal states
Diagnostics
The tests listed below can help in acute uric acid nephropathy diagnosis and evaluation :
- Blood tests :
- Urate levels in the plasma
- Azotemia
- Hyperphosphatemia
- Serum lactate dehydrogenase
- Serum uric acid levels
- Urine analysis :
- Uric acid
- Sodium monourate crystals
- Urinary uric acid levels
- Urate crystals
- Urinary uric acid crystals
- Uric acid stones
Treatment
The goal of non-dialysis management is to reduce the plasma urate level and the renal tubule urate concentration.
Xanthine oxidase inhibitors including :
- Allopurinol reduces uric acid production while maintaining the manufacture of essential purines.
- Febuxostat prevents uric acid production and lowers elevated serum uric acid levels.
