Indication & Usage
-Chronic hypertension: Oral: Initial: 2.5 mg once daily; evaluate response after ~2 to 4 weeks and titrate dose (eg, increase the daily dose by doubling) as needed, up to 20 mg/day in 1 or 2 divided doses; if additional blood pressure control is needed, consider combination therapy. Patients with severe asymptomatic hypertension and no signs of acute end organ damage should be evaluated for medication titration within 1 week.
-Acute coronary syndrome: 1-Non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome: Oral: Initial: 2.5 mg once daily; titrate slowly based on tolerability and response up to 20 mg/day in 1 or 2 divided doses. 2-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome: Oral: Initial: 2.5 mg once daily initiated within 24 hours of presentation; titrate slowly based on tolerability and response up to 20 mg/day in 1 or 2 divided doses.
-Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: Oral: Initial: 1.25 mg once daily; as tolerated, may increase dose (eg, double) every ≥2 weeks to a target dose of 10 mg once daily.
-Proteinuric chronic kidney disease: Oral: Initial: 1.25 to 2.5 mg once daily depending on blood pressure; titrate slowly based on tolerability and response up to 10 mg/day in 1 or 2 divided doses.
-Reduction in risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and death from cardiovascular causes: Oral: Initial: 2.5 mg once daily for 1 week, then 5 mg once daily for the next 3 weeks, then increase as tolerated to maintenance dose of 10 mg/day in 1 or 2 divided doses.
Side Effects
-Increased blood urea nitrogen and increased serum creatinine, angioedema, a dry hacking-nonproductive cough that is typically associated with tickling or scratching in the throat and hyperkalemia.
-Hypotension, cough, angina pectoris, orthostatic hypotension, syncope, hyperkalemia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, fatigue, headache, vertigo, increased serum creatinine, renal insufficiency, edema, palpitations, symptomatic hypotension, diaphoresis, erythema multiforme, onycholysis, pemphigoid, pemphigus, skin photosensitivity, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, weight gain, abdominal pain, anorexia, constipation, dysgeusia, dyspepsia, dysphagia, gastroenteritis, pancreatitis, sialorrhea, xerostomia, impotence, decreased hematocrit, decreased hemoglobin, hemolytic anemia, pancytopenia, purpuric disease, thrombocytopenia, hepatic failure, hepatitis, jaundice, amnesia, anxiety, depression, drowsiness, insomnia, malaise, nervousness, neuralgia, neuropathy, paresthesia, seizure, arthralgia, arthritis, myalgia, tremor, visual disturbance, hearing loss, tinnitus, acute kidney injury, increased blood urea nitrogen, dyspnea and epistaxis.